Intro to the Insect:
Spittlebugs are small, sap-sucking insects that are named for the frothy, spittle-like substance their nymphs produce as a protective covering. Common in North Alabama, these pests are most active during warm, humid months, particularly in late spring and summer. The two-lined spittlebug (Prosapia bicincta) is the most prevalent species in the region, known for infesting Bermuda grass, centipede grass, and ornamental plants. While spittlebugs rarely cause severe damage to healthy plants, heavy infestations can lead to stunted growth, yellowing, and a decline in plant vigor. Their presence is often a sign of underlying lawn or plant health issues that require attention.
Which Ones Are Common in My Area and How Can I Identify Them?
The two-lined spittlebug is the primary species of concern in North Alabama. Key identifiers include:
- Size: Adults are about 1/4 inch long.
- Color: Black with two orange or red lines across their wings.
- Spittle Signs: Frothy masses found on plant stems, grass blades, or leaves, created by nymphs as protection from predators and the environment.
Spittle masses are the most noticeable sign of their presence and can appear on both turfgrass and ornamental plants during peak activity.
How Did I Get the Insect?
Spittlebugs are attracted to:
- Overwatered or poorly drained lawns, which create ideal conditions for nymph development.
- Thick thatch layers, which provide shelter and breeding grounds.
- Areas with dense turfgrass or ornamental plantings that are not regularly maintained.
Their presence is often a sign of overwatering or excessive organic matter in the lawn.
What Effects Does This Have on My Lawn or Outdoor Space?
Spittlebugs can cause both aesthetic and structural damage to lawns and plants:
- Yellowing: Affected grass or plants may turn yellow due to sap loss.
- Stunted Growth: Infested plants may exhibit reduced vigor and slower growth.
- Surface Damage: The spittle masses themselves can be unsightly, detracting from the appearance of your lawn or garden.
- Weakened Plants: Severe infestations can make plants more susceptible to disease and other pests.
While their damage is typically not fatal, it can significantly diminish the health and beauty of your outdoor space if left untreated.
How Long Do They Live?
Spittlebugs complete their lifecycle in about 6–8 weeks:
- Eggs are laid in the fall and overwinter in plant debris.
- Nymphs hatch in spring, creating spittle masses as they feed and grow.
- Adults emerge in late spring and summer, reproducing to start a new cycle.
Multiple generations can occur during a single growing season in North Alabama’s warm climate.
How Do I Prevent Them?
Preventing spittlebug infestations involves proper lawn and plant maintenance. Steps include:
- Remove Thatch: Aerate and dethatch your lawn to eliminate hiding and breeding areas.
- Adjust Watering: Avoid overwatering to reduce moisture levels that encourage spittlebug development.
- Inspect Regularly: Check for spittle masses early in the season to detect and address infestations quickly.
Maintaining a healthy lawn and plants minimizes the conditions that attract spittlebugs and helps prevent future issues.
How Guardian South Helps:
Guardian South provides professional treatments to eliminate spittlebugs at all life stages. Our services include targeted insecticides and lawn care programs designed to address underlying issues like excessive thatch or poor drainage. By promoting overall plant health, we help prevent recurring infestations and keep your outdoor spaces looking their best.
- Alabama Cooperative Extension System
Learn about common lawn pests and management practices: https://www.aces.edu - University of Georgia Extension
Information on turfgrass pest control: https://extension.uga.edu - North Carolina State University Turfgrass Pest Management Guide
Detailed insights on pest identification and control: https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/turfgrass-pest-management-manual - University of Florida IFAS Extension
Comprehensive guide to pest lifecycle and treatments: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu - Purdue University Pest Insights
Overview of pest management and lifecycle details: https://extension.entm.purdue.edu